In Memoriam: Ray Tomlinson, Who Put The @ Sign In Your Email

Editor's note:Ray Tomlinson, who has been credited with propelling email toward becoming the familiar daily regularity we now know,has died at age 74.

The radio interview above and the story beloworiginally ran in 2009, when Tomlinson spoke with NPR's Guy Raz about selecting the @ sign to be part of digital person-to-person communication, sending gibberish to test the system and not becoming an Internet billionaire.

In memory of Tomlinson, we invite you to share with us your memories of using email for the first time. Leave a comment below or find us on Twitter@npralltech.

When was the last time you actually set pen to paper and mailed off a personal letter to someone? It's probably been a while — and the man to blame is Ray Tomlinson.

Back in 1971, Tomlinson was a young engineer at the Boston firm of Bolt, Beranek and Newman, known today as BBN Technologies. He had been given a task: Figure out something interesting to do with ARPANET, the newborn computer network that was the predecessor of the modern-day Internet.

"We were working on ways in which humans and computers could interact," he tells NPR's Guy Raz. But instead, Tomlinson started tinkering with the interaction — or lack of it — between distant colleagues who didn't answer their phones.

He eventually found a way to send messages from one computer to another — inventing the system we now know as email. He began by sending messages between two computers in his office.

"The keyboards were about 10 feet apart," he remembers. "I could wheel my chair from one to the other and type a message on one, and then go to the other, and then see what I had tried to send."

Unfortunately for posterity, Tomlinson doesn't remember what was in that first email. The test messages he sent to himself were often just gibberish — strings of characters or a few phrases from the Gettysburg Address.

"The first email is completely forgettable," he says. "And, therefore, forgotten."

By way of his invention, Tomlinson is also responsible for the elevation of the @ sign from symbol to icon. To send messages between different computers, he needed a way to separate the names of senders and recipients from the names of their machines. The @ sign just made sense; it wasn't commonly used in computing back then, so there wouldn't be too much confusion. The symbol turns an email address into a phrase; it means "user 'at' host," Tomlinson explains. "It's the only preposition on the keyboard."

Today, more than 1 billion people around the world type that @ sign every day. Tomlinson says that back in 1971, he did have some idea of the impact his invention would have.

"What I didn't imagine was how quickly that would happen."

Do you remember what you said in your very first email? Leave your first-email memories in the comments below or tag us on Twitter@npralltech.

Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.